Advanced Java refers to the programming concepts and technologies that extend the capabilities of Java, including web applications and enterprise applications.

A Servlet is a Java class that handles HTTP requests and responses, allowing dynamic web content generation.

JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a technology that enables the creation of dynamic web content using HTML and Java code.

JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a Java specification for building component-based user interfaces for web applications.

Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) is a server-side software component that encapsulates business logic in enterprise applications.

Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects, managing dependencies, builds, and project structure.

Spring is a comprehensive framework for building Java applications, providing features like dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming.

Hibernate is an Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) framework that simplifies database interactions by mapping Java objects to database tables.

A  Servlet processes requests from clients, performs business logic, and generates responses, typically in HTML format.

The Servlet lifecycle includes loading, instantiation, initialization, request handling, and destruction.

doGet() handles GET requests, typically for retrieving data, while doPost() handles POST requests, used for submitting data.

A Filter is an object that performs filtering tasks on requests and responses in a web application.

ServletContext is an interface that provides information about the web application and allows communication between servlets.

JSP allows embedding Java code in HTML, while Servlets are Java classes that generate HTML dynamically.

JSP tags are special elements in JSP pages used to perform specific tasks, like <jsp:include> and <jsp:useBean>.

A JSP expression is used to output data onto a web page using the syntax <%= %>.

A JSP directive provides global information about an entire JSP page, such as <%@ page %>.

A scriptlet is a piece of Java code embedded in JSP using <% %> tags.

EL is a simplified way to access data stored in JavaBeans and other objects in JSP pages.

JSF simplifies the development of user interfaces for Java web applications by providing reusable UI components.

A managed bean is a Java class that is managed by the JSF framework, used to handle UI components and business logic.

FacesServlet processes all JSF requests and manages the lifecycle of JSF components.

Converters are used to convert between the string representation of a data type and its object form in JSF.

The JSF lifecycle consists of six phases: Restore View, Apply Request Values, Process Validations, Update Model Values, Invoke Application, and Render Response.

There are two main types: Stateless Session Beans and Stateful Session Beans, along with Message-Driven Beans.

A Stateless Session Bean does not maintain any state between method calls.

A Stateful Session Bean maintains state across multiple method calls from a client.

A Message-Driven Bean processes messages asynchronously from a messaging service.

Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is an API for accessing naming and directory services, used to look up EJBs.

The POM (Project Object Model) file is an XML file that contains information about the project and configuration details for Maven.

Dependencies are external libraries that a project requires, defined in the POM file.

A Maven Repository is a location where project artifacts are stored, including libraries and dependencies.

A Maven Plugin is a tool that adds specific functionalities to the Maven build process.

The Maven Build Lifecycle is a sequence of phases that define the steps in the build process, such as compile, test, and package.

Dependency injection is a design pattern that allows an object to receive its dependencies from an external source rather than creating them internally.

Spring Beans are objects that are instantiated, assembled, and managed by the Spring IoC container.

Spring MVC is a framework for building web applications following the Model-View-Controller design pattern.

AOP is a programming paradigm that allows separation of cross-cutting concerns, such as logging and security.

Spring Boot simplifies the setup and development of new Spring applications by providing default configurations.

Hibernate is an ORM framework that maps Java objects to database tables, simplifying database interactions.

Annotations provide a way to define mappings between Java classes and database tables without XML configuration.

A Hibernate Session is an interface that provides methods for interacting with the database, such as saving, updating, and deleting entities.

Hibernate Query Language (HQL) is an object-oriented query language used to perform database operations in Hibernate.

save() returns the identifier of the saved entity, while persist() does not return anything and is used for entity state management.

Caching improves performance by storing frequently accessed data in memory, reducing database access.

The first-level cache is session-scoped, while the second-level cache is session factory-scoped and shared across sessions.

A transaction is a sequence of operations that are treated as a single unit of work, ensuring data integrity.

RESTful web services are services that follow REST architecture, allowing clients to access and manipulate resources using standard HTTP methods.